| Low voltage signal schematic: Explanation of the circuit: The purpose of this circuit is to detect a voltage which is lesser then 12v DC. The circuit receives a voltage from a battery or another circuit and if the voltage is lesser then 12v it outputs a voltage signal to a micro-controller or to another circuit and lights a led. The output voltage is about 1v when the input voltage is above 12v and about 5v when the input voltage is lesser then 12v. The 12v zener diode can be replaced by a zener diode which avalanches on another voltage but then the there is a need to slightly change the value of the resistors. In order for the circuit to operate properly the grounds of the circuit and the battery have to be connected together. back to basic electronic circuits for robotics page |

| Quacktu |